Van Gogh often called his still lifes "color studies." By arranging flowers in different combinations and setting them against saturated fields of color, he could experiment with bold new chromatic relationships. Van Gogh painted this canvas in May 1888, a few months after he had moved to the village of Arles in the South of France. Several still lifes from his Arles period feature the same objects depicted here—the blue majolica vase with painted decoration and the white teacup.